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Theory of Evolution: From Prokaryote to Eukaryote And Its evidences

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 What is evolution?     Evolution is a process in which organisms are changed from over time. In other words evolution is refers to a phenomena in which an organism develops into another organism. Theory of evolution vs Theory of special creation:     There are two types of scientist; Creationists who believe in god and evolutionists who believe in evolution. Creationists believe that there is divine force who create all living organisms, in their present forms. This theory is known as theory of special creation. This theory was given by Carolus Linnaeus . He classified organisms into groups according to genus. He believed that species were permanent creation. Evolutionists believe that organisms are transform their genetic make-up and those organisms can survive who can change and suited with environment this belief is known as natural selection . For example dinosaurs are extinct because food chain had collapsed. This theory was given by Charles Darwin . S...
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Introduction to Carnivorous Plants: Definition, Examples, Habitat, and Importance

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 What are carnivorous plants?     Carnivorous plants are unique plant species that derive some or most of their nutrients by trapping and digesting insects and small organisms. These plants have adapted to grow in nutrient-poor environments, such as bogs and wetlands, where the soil lacks essential minerals like nitrogen and phosphorus. Adaptations for prey:    To capture prey, carnivorous plants have evolved specialized adaptations, including: Modified Leaves  which are transformed into traps to catch insects. Digestive Enzymes  which are used in Break down of prey for nutrient absorption. Bright Colors & Nectar  which attract insects towards the traps. Sticky or Slippery Surfaces  which prevent prey from escaping. Types of traps in carnivorous plants:     Carnivorous plants use different trapping mechanisms to capture their prey...
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Major Biogeochemical Cycles: Definition, Explanation and Importance

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Biogeochemical cycles:     Biogeochemical cycles are those cycles in which bio elements recycle through different pathways. These cycles are complete through biological, geological and chemical processes. The major cycles are carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle and water cycle. Carbon cycle:     Carbon is major bio element. It is essential for life as it is a basic component of all organic material. It is found in the form of graphite, diamond, carbon dioxide( CO₂) and organic compound. Carbon cycle is complete in air through this process. First of all plants absorb CO₂ from atmosphere for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a complex process in which plants use H₂O and CO₂ to produce organic compound glucose. Animals and other organisms eat this food and incorporate carbon in their bodies. Fungi and bacteria decompose waste products of plants and animals . CO₂ is ...
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Components of Environment: Definition, Types, Composition and Importance

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Components of environment:            The surroundings in which we live are called the  environment . Every organism live in specific environment. There are four components of environment. Lithosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Biosphere Lithosphere:     Lithosphere is the layer of rocky Earth's crust. It is rigid layer and extends to the depth of 100km . Composition:       It consist of heavy metals and non-metals and almost 99.5% is made up of 11 elements by the contribution of following percentage: Oxygen(O) 46.60%, aluminium(Al) 8.13%, silicon(Si) 27.72%, iron(Fe) 5%, calcium(Ca) 3.63%, sodium(Na) 2.83%, potassium(K) 2.59%, magnesium(Mg) 2.09% and titanium(Ti), hydrogen(H) and phosphorus(P) are less than 1%. C, Ni, Cl, Ba, Cr, F, S, Sr, Mn and V are present in trace amount approximately 0.1 to 0.02%. Lithosphere also composed of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentry rocks. Igneous rock:     When magma or lava ...
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Understanding Symbiosis: Definition, Types, and Examples

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Symbiosis:       Symbiosis refers to a  relationship between different organisms that provide mutual benefits. These relationships can be either temporary or permanent. There are three main types of symbiosis. Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism:     It is relationship in which a parasite gains food and shelter while causing disease to the host. There are two main types of parasitism. Ectoparasitism:        The parasitism in which parasites live outside the body. For example: ticks, lice, leeches and mosquitoes. Endoparasitism:         The parasitism in which parasites live inside the host's body. For example bacteria, viruses and tapeworm.      As  mentioned above, parasitism can be  temporary or permanent.    Temporary parasite:     The parasites which live their life cycle freely. They live on host for very short time. The common example of these ...
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Terrestrial Biomes: Types, Diversity, and Human Impact

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 Terrestrial ecosystem:     The terrestrial ecosystem, also known as the lithospheric ecosystem, is a land-based biome where living and non-living component interact on land or soil.  Component of terrestrial ecosystem:     There are two main components of the terrestrial ecosystem.  Biotic factors:         It include all living organisms that live on land. Plants are producer there. Abiotic factors:     It   include all non-living elements present on land. Air, sunlight and soil are a few examples of abiotic factor. Water is limited there for use.  Types of terrestrial ecosystem:     Terrestrial ecosystem can be classified into four major biomes, each with distinct climate, vegetation and wildlife. Each containing a unique ecosystem. Forest biome Grassland biome Tundra biome Desert biome Forest biome:     The forest biome is a vast land-based region where trees are abundant and large. I...
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Understanding Aquatic or Hydrospheric Ecosystems: Definition, Types, and Examples

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 Hydrospheric Ecosystem:     Hydrospheric ecosystem refers to an aquatic system in  which living and non-living components interact with each other in water. The exchange of material and energy transfer takes place in water. Component of ecosystem:       There are two main components of an aquatic ecosystem: Biotic components include living organisms. There Three biotic factors producers(algae, cyanobacteria, and photosynthetic protists); consumers(fishes, snail, reptiles, etc); and decomposers(fungi and bacteria)  Abiotic components include all non-living things, such as light, water, soil. Types of aquatic ecosystem:       Scientists categorize  aquatic ecosystems into two main types: Freshwater ecosystem Marine ecosystem Freshwater ecosystem:     Lakes, rivers, streams, springs, wetlands, and ponds with low salt concentrations are incl ude in freshwater ecosystems. concentration of salt. They covers less than ...
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